Risk Analysis In Export Business
In recent years, the risk accounts or even bad debts in the import and export business have been increasing, not only causing interest losses, but also increasing the risk coefficient over time, which has a serious impact on the sustainable development of foreign trade enterprises.
Therefore, the issue of risk has increasingly become a topic of concern. Based on the practice of import and export in the past few years, the author makes a superficial analysis of the possible risks in business.
Generally speaking, there are six main risks of export earnings collection:
(一)、出货规格、日期与合同规定不符造成收汇风险。
The exporter fails to deliver the goods in accordance with the contract or letter of credit. First, the production plant delays the delivery, causing late delivery; two, products with similar specifications are substituted for the products stipulated in the contract; three, the paction price is low and shoddy.
(two) poor quality of documents Risk of foreign exchange collection 。
Although it is stipulated that the foreign currency is settled by L / C and shipped on time, the documents delivered to the negotiating bank are not consistent with the documents, so that the letter of credit can promote the proper protection. At this point, even if the buyer agreed to pay, he paid for expensive international communication fees and discrepancy charges, and the time for collection was greatly delayed. Especially for smaller contracts, the seven deduction would be a twenty percent off loss.
(three) caused by the trap clause stipulated in the letter of credit. risk 。
Certain L / C stipulates that guest inspection certificate is one of the main documents for negotiation. The buyer will seize the psychology of the seller eager to deliver goods, and deliberately pick on it, but at the same time, he proposes various payment possibilities to induce the company to ship. Once the goods are delivered to the buyer, the buyer will probably fail to inspect the goods intentionally and delay payment, even if the money or goods are two empty.
The letter of Credit stipulates that the delivery date will expire within 7 working days after the issuance of the shipping documents. Such negotiable clauses and beneficiaries are not guaranteed and must be carefully examined. If there is a trap clause, notice should be made to modify it in time. Do not be greedy for a while and save risks for the future.
(四)、没有一套完整的业务管理制度。
Export is involved in every aspect, and both sides are prone to problems. If the enterprise does not have a complete business management method, once a lawsuit arises, it will lead to a reasonable failure to win, especially for those who only pay attention to telephone contact. Secondly, because of the expansion of the source of the enterprise every year, in order to have a definite aim in the trade, it is necessary to set up business archives for every customer, including credit, trade volume and so on.
(five) contrary to the agency system. risk 。
As far as export business is concerned, the real practice of agent system is that the agent does not advance the funds to the client, the profit and loss are borne by the client, and the agent only charges a certain agency fee. This is not the case in the actual business operation. The reason is that its own customers are few, the ability to collect foreign exchange is poor, and strive to complete the index. Two, we want to make more profits, and the agency fees are low.
(six) using D/P and D/A Forward payment Risks arising from way or consignment.
Deferred payment is a long-term way. Commercial payment The way, such as the exporter's acceptance of this way, means giving the importer a financing advantage. Although the issuer voluntarily pays interest on the delay, it only requires exporters to make advances and loans on the surface, which is essentially the number of customers waiting for the arrival of goods after arrival.
If market changes are not smooth, importers may apply for bank refusal. Some companies send goods to students and friends who do business abroad. They think they are related to customers, and there is no problem of collecting foreign currency. Once there is a sluggish sales or customer problem, not only will the money be lost, but the goods may not be returned. Editor: vivi
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